THIOPENTAL
Composition
Each vial contains:
Thiopental sodium 500 mg or 1 g
Each vial contains:
Thiopental sodium 500 mg or 1 g
Properties and Mode of Action
THIOPENTAL SODIUM is a barbiturate which is administered I.V. for the induction of general anaesthesia or for the production of complete anaesthesia of short duration. It does not produce any excitation but has poor analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM is a barbiturate which is administered I.V. for the induction of general anaesthesia or for the production of complete anaesthesia of short duration. It does not produce any excitation but has poor analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM when administered by I.V. route, may reach effective concentrations in the brain within 30 seconds due to high lipid solubility. Recovery from anaesthesia is also rapid due to redistribution to other tissues, particularly fat. Up to 80% of thiopental may be bound to plasma protein.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM Is metabolised in the body chiefly in the liver at a very slow rate. It readily diffuses across the placenta and appears in breast milk.
Indications
Dosage and Administration
Anaesthesia:
Moderately slow induction can be accomplished in the average adult by injection of 50 - 75 mg (2-3 ml of a 2.5% solution) at intervals of 20 - 40 seconds, depending on the patient response. Once anaesthesia is established, additional injection of 25 - 50 mg can be administered whenever the patient moves. When used as the sole anaesthetic agent, the desired level of anaesthesia can be maintained by injection of small repeated doses as needed or by using a continuous I.V. drip in a 0.2% or 0.4% concentration.
Cerebral Hypertension:
I.V. intermittent: 1.5 - 3.5 mg/kg body weight, repeated as required, to reduce elevation of cranial pressure.
Convulsive States:
I.V. : 75 - 125 mg administered as soon as possible after convulsions begin. Up to 250 mg may be required.
Anaesthesia:
Moderately slow induction can be accomplished in the average adult by injection of 50 - 75 mg (2-3 ml of a 2.5% solution) at intervals of 20 - 40 seconds, depending on the patient response. Once anaesthesia is established, additional injection of 25 - 50 mg can be administered whenever the patient moves. When used as the sole anaesthetic agent, the desired level of anaesthesia can be maintained by injection of small repeated doses as needed or by using a continuous I.V. drip in a 0.2% or 0.4% concentration.
Cerebral Hypertension:
I.V. intermittent: 1.5 - 3.5 mg/kg body weight, repeated as required, to reduce elevation of cranial pressure.
Convulsive States:
I.V. : 75 - 125 mg administered as soon as possible after convulsions begin. Up to 250 mg may be required.
Precautions
THIOPENTAL SODIUM should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, adrenocortical insufficiency or with increased intracranial pressure. THIOPENTAL SODIUM should be used with caution in shock and dehydration, severe anaemia, hyperkalaemia, toxaemia and myasthenia gravis, myxoedema and other metabolic disorders, or in severe hepatic or renal disease. Reduced doses are required in the elderly.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, adrenocortical insufficiency or with increased intracranial pressure. THIOPENTAL SODIUM should be used with caution in shock and dehydration, severe anaemia, hyperkalaemia, toxaemia and myasthenia gravis, myxoedema and other metabolic disorders, or in severe hepatic or renal disease. Reduced doses are required in the elderly.
Drug Interactions
Narcotics: Apnea may be more common, so, THIOPENTAL SODIUM dose can be reduced. Phenothiazines: Preanaesthetic use of phenothiazines may increase the frequency and severity of (neuromuscular) excitation and hypotension in patients who receive THIOPENTAL SODIUM anaesthesia. Probenecid: THIOPENTAL SODIUM anaesthesia may be extended or acheived at lower doses. Sulfisoxazole: It may enhance the anaesthic effect of THIOPENTAL SODIUM. Laboratory test interactions : Liver function studies may be influenced.
Narcotics: Apnea may be more common, so, THIOPENTAL SODIUM dose can be reduced. Phenothiazines: Preanaesthetic use of phenothiazines may increase the frequency and severity of (neuromuscular) excitation and hypotension in patients who receive THIOPENTAL SODIUM anaesthesia. Probenecid: THIOPENTAL SODIUM anaesthesia may be extended or acheived at lower doses. Sulfisoxazole: It may enhance the anaesthic effect of THIOPENTAL SODIUM. Laboratory test interactions : Liver function studies may be influenced.
Side effects
Coughing, sneezing, apnea, laryngeal spasm or bronchospasm may occur. If concentrated solution is intravenously injected, thrombophlebitis may occur. Extravasation may cause tissue necrosis. Intra-arterial injection may cause burning pain, and may cause also prolonged blanching of the forearm and hand and gangrene of digits. Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. It can cause respiratory depression. It may depress cardiac output, and cause hypotension, and may cause postoperative vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, amnesia and headache.
Coughing, sneezing, apnea, laryngeal spasm or bronchospasm may occur. If concentrated solution is intravenously injected, thrombophlebitis may occur. Extravasation may cause tissue necrosis. Intra-arterial injection may cause burning pain, and may cause also prolonged blanching of the forearm and hand and gangrene of digits. Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. It can cause respiratory depression. It may depress cardiac output, and cause hypotension, and may cause postoperative vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, amnesia and headache.
Presentation
THIOPENTAL SODIUM 500 mg Vials : 1 vial.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM 1 g Vials : 1 vial.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM 500 mg Vials : 1 vial.
THIOPENTAL SODIUM 1 g Vials : 1 vial.
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