VIT A,E&C

VIT A,E&C

VIT A "Retinal,Retinol,Retinoic acid or B-carotene"

- It is an important vitamin used in

● Visual cycle

● Growth

● Reproduction

● Epithelieal differentiation so has perfect role in mucous secretion &protection against upper resp. tract infection

- its deficiency is due to using bile acid sequestering agent " used in treatment of hyperlipidemia " & drugs that affect absorbtion of fat soluble vitamins

- its deficiency lead to :-

► Xerophthalmia "eye dryness"

► Night blindness due to increase visual threshold

- If increase above 7.5 mg/day cause

○ dry & pruritic skin

○ Hepatotoxicity

○ Not given to pregnant as it is teratogenic " polycystic kidney

   in newborn"

Vit E " α-tocopherols"

- Used as Antioxidant so used as protection from hepatotoxicity caused by fluconazole "antifungal"

- Its deficiency "rare" cause neuropathy,Myopathy,Anemia

  &Hypofertility

- If increased more than 300mg/day may cause allergy

Vit C "Ascorbic acid"

- Used as

♦ Antioxidant

♦ Biosynthesis of collagen & steroids

- Its deficiency cause

● Scurvy

● Gingivitis "bleeding gums 1ry symptoms"

● Degeneration of capillaries, bones &connective tissue

- If increased more than 4gm/day cause

○ Diarrhea

○ Renal stones

○ Acidic urine